Computer Ethics: NO to Software Piracy!

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From the perspective of a highly ethical people, software piracy is not an option. Even it is much costly, utilizing a pirated one is already equivalent to a grievous act as plagiarism.

An individual has that innate instinct to do everything in order to survive. For an instance, some of the natives of Zimbabwe consume rodents for them to feed their hungry stomachs and endure life. And in today’s scenario, people are living in an extremely industrialized world wherein technology is almost part of our daily lives. Definitely, software piracy evolved to answer the individual’s need of software yet could not afford to buy a genuine one.

The ethical standards of a community depend on what are generally accepted by the group. If using pirated software is rampant in a society, prolonged practice of this wrongdoing will be generally acceptable in the near future if the developers and the government will not take actions and strictly implement policies regarding this matter.

To contest piracy, software developers should study the reasons behind such crime and the corresponding effects on its profitability. If lowering of price will result to higher revenue because of increased volume of sales, developers may adjust its price to a point wherein profit will not be compromised. Also, a strong campaign should be performed to orient people of the negative effects of piracy as well as how detrimental supporting for this crime is. Thus, this means will be beneficial to everyone as consumers for the affordable and secured consumption, the developers for the increased demand and profitability, the government for decreased piracy crimes which will result to higher tax earnings and the society as a whole for an ethical and healthy environment.

Knowledge Management

The greatest asset of an organization would be its intellectual workforce. Since a company is composed of unique individuals with different specialization, a company should be able to manage ideas from these excellent individuals for it to be valuable. But how do intellectual assets be handled for it to be beneficial in achieving a common organizational goal? The answer is knowledge management (KM).

knowledge management

KM is the process of organizing, storing and sharing vital information so that everyone in an organization can benefit from it. Its primary focus is utilizing organizational knowledge in achieving its objectives through improved performance and continuous innovation. Employing KM system will result to a more efficient organization since lots of time, money and effort in retrieving or learning concepts are saved when previous ideas are well-documented. It will enable the company to create its knowledge repository for easy access of relevant information necessary for decision-making. Also, company’s operation will not be hampered in case one of its key personnel departs in way of resignation, retirement or termination.

A KM system can only be implemented effectively with the cooperation of the entire organization. Knowledge and experiences of an individual are the fundamental components of this implementation and any member protecting only his self-interest will be a hindrance. How? If an individual is valued by the company because of its unique knowledge, skills or experience that without him may cause destitution to a company, he will be defiant in sharing his knowledge for him to keep his importance. In this case, employing a positive reinforcement for its people for sharing ideas and gathering experiences and making everyone comfortable in getting involved will help this project succeed.

Yes, knowledge is power, but knowledge kept is insignificant. Just like great inventions, such were initiated by great minds and those are remarkable because they were shared and developed to bring us comfort. Sharing wisdom is like motivating someone to do their part in improving our existence. Thus, knowledge is power but knowledge sharing is empowerment.

Business Intelligence

biBehind a company’s success is a defined set of objectives. Goals are necessary in bringing the company into its peak since people working on it have apparent view of the company’s direction. In developing excellent objectives, such should be aligned with the company’s mission and vision and should be SMART as they possess the following characteristics:

Specific –clear about what, where, when, which and why such target is to be accomplished

Measurable – for the performance to be measured,

quantifiable criteria should be established

Attainable – knowing the capacities and con

straints makes the company more efficient and effective in maximizing its resources

Realistic – the workforce and its capacity should be considered wherein both should be willing and able in attaining the given objectives

Time Bound – an objective should have a time frame for it to have a sense of urgency

Since a company’s success depends on its established objectives, performance or progress in attaining those goals should be monitored or measured. This should be one of the reasons why the need for Business Intelligence is dramatically increasing.

As defined in Wikipedia, Business Intelligence or BI is a set of theories, methodologies, architectures and technologies that transform raw data into meaningful and useful information for business purposes.

Since not all users are concerned of all the details of a report and interested only on certain information, BI is a helpful tool in providing their particular needs. BI can transform voluminous data into an interpretation which is affable depending on a certain group of users.

Using BI, an organization will have the capacity to extract essential data hastily in any given time thus, any concern it may face will be addressed immediately and such will then result to a more efficient and effective workforce. Furthermore, BI can assist in identifying and developing strategies to improve the current status of the company since the management will have an immediate access to its operations despite the enormous amount of data.

For an organization using Business Intelligence, performance monitoring and evaluation would be easy. However, using such tool should not be the reason why a reward or punitive program should be implemented. Rather, either of the two programs should only be employed to motivate the people working behind the company to reach the given target. BI is only a technical tool which organizes data for easy performance measurement in determining whether an objective is accomplished. Thus, a reward such as pay raise, promotions or any perks shall be given to laudable people who have done their part in achieving such goals.

Online Shopping

blue online shoppingTechnology has modernized our lives that it unceasingly brings comfort to us. One of the prevalent trends brought by technology which is embraced by many individual is online shopping.

Purchasing through internet permits us to reserve what we want anytime and anywhere with just a tap on our gadgets. Why consume lots of time in traffic jam, waiting in a queue and going in a crowd to satisfy that fervent want of having the best buy when we can elude these hassles when we can go online? In fact, best deals can be found on the internet wherein prices, qualities, payment terms and any aspect we need to consider in acquiring a product can be easily compared with just a click. Also, we can have plenty of varieties to choose from without having to go to different local stores.

Despite of all the pleasure it proffers, we should however understand certain disadvantages of online shopping. The most important aspect we need to consider is the security risk. We should ensure that the online stores we are transacting have a good reputation, and have a strict privacy security with regards to our personal details. Also, a possibility that the items we ordered or even paid may not be delivered to us and if provided may not fit the specifications we expect. Shipping cost may be also added especially when returning a product you are not satisfied of or damaged due to mishandling during shipment. The convenience the online shopping brings depends on the things we need and not everything are suggested to be bought through internet.

For instance, the items I can acquire through online without hesitation are the airline ticket, hotel accommodation and books. Nowadays, most of us prefer to book our own plane tickets as well as our hotel accommodation. Aside from having a choice to pay it through credit card and pay it later, we can choose our own preferences with the best price. Same also with purchasing books online, we do not need to scan all over the bookstore to find what we need that may end up buying different books we do not intend to buy. Purchasing books online give us the ease in choosing the kind of book we need.

There are also things that I may have a second thought buying online. Some of these are garments, perfumes and gadgets. Personal stuffs like clothes and shoes are better tried before acquiring to ensure that they perfectly fit me. Same with the perfume, smelling the scent if it truly fits my taste is necessary. I also prefer trying, holding and knowing the specs of a gadget before purchasing. However, there are brands for these stuffs I am consistently purchasing. And since I am already familiar with those brands and the company is already tested on its reputation, I can be rest assured that my purchases will be delivered and corresponds with the qualifications I need. And since these things are not so expensive, only an immaterial amount is at risk.

On the other hand, buying food, equipment and jewelries through internet will not be one of my considerations. When it comes to food, safety should be the first priority. I cannot entrust the safety of the food I have not even seen for myself and I am not knowledgeable enough for its supplier before I spend for it. In cases of equipment and jewelries, a great risk is on hand since these items are so expensive. The possibility of theft or fraud is very material. Since having a large amount of money is required to acquire such things, I will not risk my hard earned income in buying such things without assurance of delivery.

In buying different products, different specifications should be considered. We should always assess that the comfort we get from buying online does not compromise the quality of what we need and most of all, the security of our private data.

IT Outsourcing

outsourcing

As what I have learned from Economics last trimester, the Law of Diminishing Marginal Return can be explained as, if other lands are good at producing rice and others are good at producing corn, if those lands which are good in producing the latter will be forced to develop the former one, such should employ a lot of resources which would not be efficient to produce at least the same quantity but most probably with inferior quality. Same is true with every organization which has its own core competence. As the saying goes that “Self-efficiency breeds inefficiency”, instead of spending much of our resources in learning what we are not proficient of, we may consider outsourcing as one of the solutions. In such case, outsourcing will allow companies to focus on their core competence while delegating other tasks like IT to expert organizations offering such services with proven systems and well trained individual.

Information Technology is a specialized field and requires a large amount of investment and therefore most companies nowadays prefer outsourcing of such services.  IT outsourcing compared with establishing in-house department offers a numerous advantages such as lower cost, specificity of project and timeliness. With this, the company will not be required to invest on servers and equipment, will not go through a learning curve stage of personnel and will be more secured since most providers have several sites for backup. Also, the company will be spared from major employer-employee responsibilities mandated by law such as employee benefits. And since outsourcing is project-based, all objectives set and agreed are expected to be delivered without tedious monitoring necessary on the part of the company since implementation is already entrusted to the provider.

However, as an accountant, to consider a project useful, income should always exceed cost. With all the prolific benefits the IT outsourcing offers, we must also consider risk that may negate those advantages and some of these are the following

1. Actual Cost

In investing, we should not only regard the stated price but should also consider other necessary cost in acquiring a product or service such as cost during meetings with the provider, communication expense and other related expenses before choosing a scheme that would really be beneficial to the company.

2. Time Factor

Since outsourcing of IT department means engaging an outside party from the organization, urgent need for IT will not be handled immediately since we are only depending on the availability of the provider. Hence, the company should not only consider the short-term financial impact of a project but should also consider the effects of delays in the long-run if frequent flaws will not be dealt immediately.

3. System Familiarity

To handle a problem, one must be familiar on how a company’s system works for it to develop an effective solution.  However in IT outsourcing, the provider should be first given ample time to familiarize the system unlike in-house IT wherein they are the ones who develop, runs, monitor and therefore capable to troubleshoot any flaws on the system they made.

4. Data security

Confidential files are not absolutely secured in the hands of a third-party provider since sensitive data maybe be generated or copied from our storage without the company’s knowledge unlike with in-house personnel wherein loyalty is already established.

5. Monitoring and Control

The company should always be knowledgeable to all the transactions happening within its environment. However, when IT services are left with an outside party, there is a possibility that some matters concerning the company may not be disclosed. Also, when problem arises, the solution lies only on the provider since the company may not be fully acquainted of the system employed thus losing control over its activities.

Every organization has specific IT requirements, with different risks to handle and therefore with different strategies in dealing with these issues. To curtail the aforementioned risks in dealing with IT outsourcing, the following stipulations should be included in the contract to be agreed with the service provider:

  • That no other charges shall be billed in excess of the 10% of the total contract price.
  • That fare, accommodation and per diem shall be included in the contract price.
  • That the service provider shall response to the service need of the company within the first 5hours, otherwise, penalty shall be charged.
  • Confidentiality statement shall be signed by the service provider.
  • That clear terms and conditions stating the rights and obligations of both parties at a specific timetable shall be stated.

As additional precautionary procedure, the company may do research or inquiries regarding reliable IT provider. On this event, the company will be oriented with the provider’s existing clients and may set an appointment with them to ensure quality service.

IT and Me

it and me-As technology transforms our lives, others may think that they cannot live without such thing in the present world. But for me, what’s important is still my personal relationship with God, with my family and with my friends which is still quite untouched by technology. Going to church, having a cup of coffee with my friends, and having a date with my family does not require such technology and in fact an incomparable moment spent with them personally.

Technology brings comfort in our lives and it promises a superfluous time to be spent in church or with our loved ones. However, what happens today is a turnaround. Everyone is busy hitting our gadgets and even during meal time wherein it’s the only moment we can spend quality time and share our thoughts with our family is already seized by technology.

Despite some of the negative effects of technology, we have to admit that it greatly improved the quality of life. We can easily reach out with our friends we haven’t seen for years and we can be updated with what’s happening with the world with just a click. A great help in my career is also offered by it since our company is currently using ERP.  With the aid of technology, I, as an accountant can generate financial reports automatically without going through a tedious process. I can’t also deny the enormous help of technology as we establish the new company of ours, the Sound Shots IT and Accounting Services where it offers technology-based products and services.

Technology is just like any substance, it can be detrimental if abused or used excessively but a great help in achieving a person’s efficiency and effectiveness if used responsibly. Let us bear in mind that it is only developed to improve our lives and relationships but not to replace anything especially anyone in our lives. It is present so that we can fully appreciate and enjoy what life has to offer together with the people we cherish.

by:

Mark Jim Acosa

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