They say writing is the loneliest job. Finding company in solitude.
Writing groups provide a forum for authors to present their work of critique and encouragement.
On the negative side, they can have a mixed-bag of participants. Some are fortunate enough to have published writers or others who how to write and can give genuine critiques. However, most people do not know the difference between critique and criticism.
Critique is feedback given by mentors and peers to help artists improve their craft. Good or bad, each comment requires justification.
Criticism is by definition “judgment,” and unfavorable at that. As equally unhelpful are the well-meaning people who say they love everything. Either they are that easy to please or don’t want to hurt anyone’s feelings.
Finding a writing group can be difficult. Fear not, there are online communities worth looking into.
Authonomy.com is sponsored by Harper Collins UK. It is touted as away to get unsolicited manuscripts to their editors (the odds are actually no better than via the slush pile). Because of this mentality, it is essentially a popularity contest, which means getting spammed with read requests. On the plus side, there are plenty of people who will provide feedback and proofreading. Fairly diverse genre list (plus) that is very broad (minus). Minimum 10k word upload required.
BookCountry.com is Penguin’s writers’ community and strictly for genre fiction: mystery, thriller, romance, sci-fi, and fantasy. Each genre is divided into nine or so sub-genres, allowing users to filter based on the sub-genres they are interested in reading. It also has a feature than allows authors to ask for feedback on specific aspects, such as plot, character development, pacing, etc. Maximum 30k word upload.
Goodreads.com is a reading community that lets members upload their own manuscripts as well. Due to the shear number and diversity of groups, writers can find readers for any genre/sub-genre.
WritersCafe.org is for any type of writing, not just novels (or even prose, for that matter). In addition to a place to post manuscripts, it has individual writing groups, contests (the prizes are kudos), and “courses,” which are “how to” posts.
A web search will turn up others (like ABCtales.com, which I haven’t tried). The best advice for any of these is just to check them out. Most will allow visitors to browse and read manuscripts/forums. See what others are posting to judge whether it is a good fit.