Victorian Premier’s Literary Awards 2026

Today, the shortlists and highly commended works for the 2026 Victorian Premier’s Literary Awards were announced. 

The titles are as follows: 

Fiction ($25,000) 

A Piece of Red Cloth (Merrkiyawuy Ganambarr-Stubb, Leonie Norrington, Djawa Burarrwanga & Djawundil Maymuru, A&U) 

Cannon (Lee Lai, Giramondo) 

Fierceland (Omar Musa, Penguin) 

The Gowkaran Tree in the Middle of Our Kitchen (Azar Shokoofeh, Europa Editions) 

The Immigrants: Fabula Mirabilis, or A Wonderful Story (Moreno Giovannoni, Black Inc.) 

The Sun was Electric Light (Rachel Morton, UQP) 

Highly commended 

Discipline (Randa Abdel-Fattah, UQP) 

Desolation (Asgari Hossein, Ultimo) 

The Slip (Miriam Webster, Aniko Press) 

Nonfiction ($25,000) 

Ankami (Debra Dank, Echo) 

Conspiracy Nation (Cam Wilson and Ariel Bogle, Ultimo) 

Find Me at the Jaffa Gate: An encyclopaedia of a Palestinian family (Micaela Sahhar, NewSouth) 

Looking from the North: Australian history from the top down (Henry Reynolds, NewSouth) 

The Eagle and the Crow (JM Field, UQP) 

Poetry ($25,000) 

KONTRA (Eunice Andrada, Giramondo) 

The Rot (Evelyn Araluen, UQP) 

Two Hundred Million Musketeers (Ender Başkan, Giramondo) 

Highly commended 

Fivehundred Swimming Pools (Connor Weightman, Rabbit Poetry) 

The Dingo’s Noctuary (Judith Nangala Crispin, Puncher & Wattmann) 

Drama ($25,000) 

Fly Girl (Genevieve Hegney, Ensemble Theatre Company & Lisa Mann Creative Management) 

Super (Emilie Collyer, Currency Press & Red Stitch Actors’ Theatre) 

The Black Woman of Gippsland (Andrea James, Currency Press & Melbourne Theatre Company) 

Indigenous writing ($25,000) 

The Rot (Evelyn Araluen, UQP) 

The Eagle & the Crow (JM Field, UQP) 

The Art of Kaylene Whiskey: Do You Believe in Love (ed Natalie King and Iwantja Arts, T&H) 

Windows and Mirrors (Djon Mundine, Art Ink) 

Highly commended 

A Savage Turn (Luke Patterson, Magabala) 

Old Days Imanka nurna laakinha nitjaarta (Marjorie ‘Nunga’ Williams, Magabala) 

Weaving Country (Aunty Kim Wandin and Christine Joy, Walker Books) 

Children’s literature ($25,000) 

Once I Was a Giant (Zeno Sworder, T&H) 

Caution! This Book Contains Deadly Reptiles (Corey Tutt & Ben Williams, A&U Children‘s) 

Creature Clinic (Gavin Aung Than, HGCP) 

The Wondrous Tale of Lavender Wolfe (Karen Foxlee, A&U Children‘s) 

Highly commended 

My Mum is a Bird (Angie Cui, UQP) 

Spirit of the Crocodile (Aaron Fa’aoso & Michelle Scott Tucker, with Lyn White, A&U Children‘s) 

John Marsden Prize for Writing for Young Adults ($25,000) 

This Stays Between Us (Margo McGovern, Penguin) 

Moonlight and Dust (Jasmin McGaughey, A&U Children‘s) 

How to Be Normal (Ange Crawford, Walker Books) 

Highly commended 

Weaving Us Together (Lay Maloney, Lothian Children’s) 

Strange Bedfellows (Ariel Ries, HarperCollins) 

Unpublished manuscript ($15,000 and two-week residency at McCraith House) 

“Incognito” (Anatolij Lisov) 

“The Final Voyage of Charles Le Corre” (William Paine) 

“The Kookaburra” (Charlotte Guest) 

Highly commended 

“Harmony” (Ethan Garraway) 

“More Real” (Ella Mittas). 

The winners in each category, as well as the winner of the overall Victorian Prize for Literature (worth $100,000), will be announced at a ceremony in Melbourne on Wednesday 25 February 2026. 

Dublin Literary Award 2026 Nominated Titles

Each year I like to post, at least, the library nominated titles for the Dublin Literary Award. Earlier this week, the annual announcement came up with 69 titles for the 2026 Award. 

Long term followers of this blog would know I have been an advocate and supporter of the Award over the years; this is an Award where the titles are drawn from member libraries all over the planet, with the nominated list this year of 69 titles being filtered down to a longlist of “no more than 20 titles to be announced in February and then a shortlist of 6 titles to be announced in April”. 

Although 69 books could appear daunting, have a look at the last thirteen awards and the number of books on the longlist: 

2013 – 145 

2014 – 144 

2015 – 133 

2016 – 150 

2017 – 138 

2018 – 141 

2019 – 141 

2020 – 156 

2021 – 49 

2022 – 79 

2023 – 70 

2024 – 80 

2025 – 71 

This year’s judges, Disha Bose, Dan Mulhall, Dike Chukwumerije, Clara Ministral, Xiaolu Guo, and non-voting chair Professor Chris Morash, have an easier time than the judges up until 2020! 

The prize for the Award is €100,000 and is awarded to the author of the winning book, if the winning book is in English translation, €75,000 is awarded to the author and €25,000 to the translator. 

2026 Nominated titles 

(presented in the same order as the Official Prize website, (almost) alphabetical by title) 

‘1985: a novel’ by Dominic Hoey  
‘A Thousand Times Before’ by Asha Thanki  
‘Back in the day’ by Oliver Lovrenski (tr. Nichola Smalley) 
‘Blurred’ by Iris Wolff (tr. Ruth Martin) 
‘Brightly shining’ by Ingvild Rishøi (tr. Caroline Waight) 
‘Camarade’ by Theo Dorgan  
‘Casualties of Truth’ by Lauren Francis-Sharma  
‘Colored Television’ by Danzy Senna  
‘Creation Lake’ by Rachel Kushner  
‘Darkenbloom’ by Eva Manesse (tr. Charlotte Collins) 
‘Dear Dickhead: A Novel’ by Virginie Despentes (tr. Frank Wynne) 
‘Delirious’ by Damien Wilkins  
‘Diablo’s Boys’ by Yang Hao (tr. Nicky Harman and Michael Day)  
‘Dream Count: A Novel’ by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie  
‘Dust in the Gale’ by João Morgado (tr. José Manuel Godinho  
‘Endling’ by Maria Reva  
‘First Name Second Name’ by Steve MinOn  
‘Gliff’ by Ali Smith  
‘Good Girl’ by Aria Aber  
‘Great Eastern Hotel’ by Ruchir Joshi  
‘Harriet Tubman: Live in Concert: A Novel’ by Bob the Drag Queen 
‘Highway 13’ by Fiona MacFarlane  
‘I will live’ by Lale Gül (tr. Kristen Gehrma) 
‘In Late Summer’ by Magdalena Blažević (tr. Anđelka Raguž) 
‘Intermezzo’ by Sally Rooney  
‘Kataraina’ by Becky Manawatu  
‘Leading Ledang’ by Fadzlishah Johanabas  
‘Live fast’ by Brigitte Giraud (tr. Cory Stockwell)’ 
‘Long Island Compromise’ by Taffy Brodesser-Akner  
‘Luminous’ by Silvia Park  
‘Model Home’ by Rivers Solomon  
‘Murder at the Castle: A Miss Merkel Mystery’ by David Safier (tr. Jamie Bulloch) 
‘My Kingdom is Dying’ by Evald Flisar (tr. David Limon) 
‘Napalm in the heart’ by Pol Guasch (tr. Mara Faye Lethem) 
‘Ordinary Saints’ by Niamh Ni Mhaoileoin  
‘Our Evenings’ by Alan Hollinghurst  
‘Our London Lives’ by Christine Dwyer Hickey 
‘Perfection’ by Vincenzo Latronico (tr. Sophie Hughes) 
‘Perspective(s)’ by Laurent Binet (tr. Sam Taylor) 
‘Red Water’ by Jurica Pavičić (tr. Matt Robinson) 
‘Small Ceremonies’ by Kyle Edwards  
‘The Antidote’ by Karen Russell  
‘The Boy from the Sea’ by Garrett Carr  
‘The Brittle Age’ by Donatella Di Pietrantonio (tr. Ann Goldstein)  
‘The Burrow’ by Melanie Cheng  
‘The City and Its Uncertain Walls’ by Haruki Murakami (tr. Philip Gabriel)  
‘The Clues in the Fjord’ by Satu Rämö (tr Kristian London)  
‘The Creation of Half-Broken People’ by Siphiwe Gloria Ndlovu 
‘The Dissenters’ by Youssef Rakha  
‘The Echoes’ by Evie Wyld  
‘The Edges’ by Angelo Tijssens (tr. Michele Hutchison)  
‘The Emperor of Gladness’ by Ocean Vuong 
‘The Empusium’ by Olga Tokarczuk (tr. Antonia Lloyd-Jones) 
‘The Ladies Road Guide to Utter Ruin’ by Alison Goodman  
‘The Mires’ by Tina Makereti  
‘The Names’ by Florence Knapp  
‘The Night Guest’ by Hildur Knútsdóttir (tr. Mary Robinette Kowal) 
‘The Original Daughter’ by Jemimah Wei  
‘The Tokyo Suite’ by Giovana Madalosso (tr. Bruna Dantas Lobato)  
‘The Voices of Adriana’ by Elvira Navarro (tr. Christina MacSweeney) 
‘The Wager and the Bear’ by John Ironmonger  
‘The Weather Diviner’ by Elizabeth Murphy  
‘There Are Rivers in the Sky: A Novel’ by Elif Shafak 
‘Time of the Flies’ by Claudia Piñeiro (tr. Frances Riddle) 
‘Under the Eye of the Big Bird’ by Hiromi Kawakami (tr. Asa Yoneda) 
‘Vanishing World’ by Sayaka Murata (tr. Ginny Tapley Takemori) 
‘Voracious’ by Małgorzata Lebda (tr. Antonia Lloyd-Jones) 
‘We Are Green and Trembling’ by Gabriela Cabezón Cámara (tr. Robin Myers) 
‘What I Know About You’ by Éric Chacour (tr. Pablo Strauss) 

Yet again the absurd Dublin Literary Award website may look fancy, but I have had to manually type up this list from a ridiculous pdf table and an HTML webpage I may have typos or may have missed a translator or miscredited one here or there. Please let me know if you spot any errors and I will correct them. The page with 69 covers has the title and authors but doesn’t credit any translator!!! That’s a one click at a time exercise or a reference to a pdf spreadsheet table – I apologise in advance if there are any errors. 

There are some absurd nominations here, last year I thought the State Library of Victoria’s skipping over Alexis Wright’s monumental and highly important work ‘Praiseworthy’ was ridiculous, this year their nominee is just out and out beyond belief (an installment from an “historical fiction” series of “Ill Mannered Ladies” – literature of the highest order!!) I could write a piece about the decline of the institution as it silences and bans writers for social media posts, censors staff, and cuts services, but a search engine could give you the details.  

I’ve read a handful of the titles on the list, I would recommend ‘The Tokyo Suite’ by Giovana Madalosso (translated by Bruna Dantas Lobato) a story of two women from very different backgrounds lamenting motherhood.

A Pilgrimage of Reading: Award-Winning Translations and an update on this blog

It is time for my weekly blog update, and I do need to update regular visitors here on a few items. In recent months there have been a couple of award shortlist announcements that I have thought were interesting, so let’s combine those shortlists with an update.

Firstly, let’s look at the two shortlists I thought contained a few titles I am interested in reading.

Gregg Barrios Book in Translation Prize

The National Book Critics Circle translation prize was launched in 2022 for titles translated into English and published in the United States. It is open to translations of books authored by living or deceased writers and new translations of previously translated books are also considered. Titles in alphabetical order by author (if you look at the NBCC website I have no idea of the order they decided to present them):

Rodrigo Fresán (tr. Will Vanderhyden) ‘Melvill’ (Open Letter)

Elias Khoury (tr. Humphrey Davies) ‘The Children of the Ghetto: Star of the Sea’ (Archipelago)

Judith Kiros (tr Kira Josefsson) ‘O’ (World Poetry)

László Krasznahorkai (tr. Ottilie Mulzet) ‘Herscht 07769’ (New Directions)

Pedro Lemebel (tr. Gwendolyn Harper) ‘A Last Supper of Queer Apostles’ (Penguin Classics)

Iman Mersal (tr. Robin Moger) ‘Traces of Enayat’ (Transit)

I am currently reading László Krasznahorkai’s ‘Herscht 07769’ and very much enjoying it, even though it is your standard single sentence it is a lot more accessible that the deep melancholy of ‘Satantango’ or the philosophical questionings in ‘Seibo There Below’, even if this one contains physics and anti-matter!!!

2024 Saif Ghobash Banipal Prize for Arabic Literary Translation

The winner of this award was announced last week; however the shortlist also contains a lot of really intriguing titles, presented again in alphabetical order by author’s surname:

Bothayna Al-Essa (tr. by Nada Faris) ‘Lost in Mecca’ (DarArab)

Stella Gaitano (tr. Sawad Hussain) ‘Edo’s Souls’ (Dedalus)

Huzama Habayeb (tr. Kay Heikkinen)  ‘Before the Queen Falls Asleep’ (MacLehose Press)

Lena Merhej (tr. Nadiyah Abdullatif and Anam Zafar) ‘Yoghurt and Jam (or How My Mother Became Lebanese)’ (Balestier Press)

Iman Mersal (tr. Robin Moger) ‘Traces of Enayat’ (And Other Stories)

Ahmed Naji (tr. Katharine Halls) ‘Rotten Evidence’ (McSweeney’s)

It is worth reading the judge’s report at the Award’s website as they talk of including certain works to “raise the profile of contemporary Arabic literature”, you can access their report at the site here.

The winner, announced last week, was Ahmed Naji (tr. Katharine Halls) for ‘Rotten Evidence’, here’s part of the blurb:

In February 2016, Ahmed Naji was sentenced to two years in prison for “violating public decency”, after an excerpt of his novel Using Life reportedly caused a reader to experience heart palpitations. Naji ultimately served ten months of that sentence, in a group cellblock in Cairo’s Tora Prison.

Rotten Evidence is a chronicle of those months.

Blog update

Firstly, I would like to mention that I have ceased ALL affiliations with any social media outlet, you will not find updates on blog posts on Facebook, Twitter (X), Instagram, BlueSky, Threads etc. Affiliations with retail outlets that used to pay small commissions has also ceased. You may find links to redundant sites like Book Depository etc. in posts from many years ago, to edit them all would take a significant amount of time, so I won’t be doing so. I will not be responding to comments questioning this decision.

Also, I would like to let you know that there will be no posts here for at least three months. In a few hours’ time I fly from Australia to Japan and then head to the island of Shikoku where I have plans to walk the full Shikoku 88 Temple pilgrimage, about 1,200-1,300 kilometres (750 to 800 miles). Current plans have me finishing it in two months, however I may take rest days, not walk when it is pouring rain etc. During this time, I will not be able to keep this site up to date as I intend to have minimal internet interaction – it is a pilgrimage! The e-book reader (I can’t hike 1,300 kilometres with books on my back!!!) is loaded with quite a few titles from the lists above, nighttime reading will be from around the world – I am sure I will throw in some Kawabata, Ōe, Mishima, or some contemporary Japanese titles whilst I am there.

Wishing everyone the best until the Northern hemisphere summer (Southern hemisphere winter). Happy reading (and writing if you’re into that).

‘Against Nature’ – JK Huysmans (tr. Brendan King) – Literary references (Part Ten – Sexual references)

After a short diversion, to look at Dickens and Trollope, let us return to Chapter Three of JK Huysmans’ ‘Á Rebours’ (‘Against Nature’).

Apart from a few special, unclassified volumes that were either modern or without date, certain works on the Kabbala, on medicine and botany, some odd tomes of Migne’s ‘Patrologia’ containing Christian poetry that was otherwise impossible to find, and Wernsdorf’s anthology of the minor Latin poets; apart from a Meursius, Forberg’s manual of classical erotology, an edition of Debreyne’s ‘Moechialogie’ and some diaconals intended for the use of confessors, which he dusted off at rare intervals, his Latin library stopped at the beginning of the tenth century.

It is the notes, in the Dedalus Books edition, that provide the depth here.

“Wernsdorf’s anthology of the minor Latin poets” was titled ‘Poetae latini minoris’ and ran to ten volumes, I do not intend to delve into a ten volume publication of minor poets!

“Debreyne’s ‘Moechialogie” – J.C. Debreyne was a physician and a Trappist monk., the full title of his work is ‘Moechialogie, a treatise on sins against the sixth and ninth commandments of the Decalogue, and on all the matrimonial questions arising from them whether directly or indirectly, followed by a practical summary of sacred embryology’ – now that’s a mouthful! One of the practices that Debreyne recommended for women was clitorectomy as he thought the clitoris had no procreative function and only stimulated female lust.

On that note let’s move away from the innumerable Latin textual references is Chapter Three and move onto Chapter Six where the protagonist des Esseintes is “sunk into a huge winged armchair, his feet on the gilt heads of the fire-dogs, his slippers roasting in front of burning logs that shot out bright, crackling flames as if lashed by the furious blast of a bellows” he is smoking, his memory is stirring and he has been reading an “old quarto”.

The lamps were now smoking. He trimmed them and looked at his watch. Three o’clock in the morning. He lit a cigarette and plunged back into his reading, interrupted by these reveries, of an old Latin poem, ‘De laude castitatis’, written in the reign of Gundobad, by Avitus, the metropolitan bishop of Vienne.

The poem is addressed to his sister, Fuscina, a dedicated virgin.

The English translation of this 666 Hexameter poem (and ‘The Spiritual History’) is available from Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library, published in 2022, translated by Michael Roberts, under the title ‘Biblical and Pastoral Poetry’. The details for that book state:

Alcimus Ecdicius Avitus, bishop of Vienne and a vigorous defender of Christian orthodoxy, was born into the senatorial aristocracy in southern Gaul in the mid-fifth century and lived until 518. The verse in ‘Biblical and Pastoral Poetry’ was written in the late fifth or early sixth century. Avitus’s most famous work, the ‘Spiritual History’, narrates the biblical stories of creation, the Fall and expulsion from paradise, the Flood, and the Israelites’ escape from Egypt. He revitalizes Christian epic poetry, highlighting original sin and redemption and telling the history of Christian salvation with dramatic dialogue and rich description. In ‘Consolatory Praise of Chastity’ -a verse treatise addressed to his sister, a consecrated virgin-illuminates the demands of the ascetic life from the perspective of a close family member. Avitus seeks to bolster his sister’s resolve with biblical examples of mental fortitude, constructing a robust model for female heroism.

Later des Esseintes recalls a chance encounter with “a very young man”,a “friendship” that lasted several months;

…never had he endured a more alluring or more imperious bondage; never had he taken such risks, never had he felt more painfully satisfied.

Among the recollections that assailed him in his solitude, that of this mutual attachment dominated the others. All leaven of aberration that a brain over-excited by neurosis could contain was fermenting within him, and, to the pleasure he took in those memories – his ‘morose delectation’, as the theologians call this revisiting of past infamies – he mixed physical visions with spiritual zeal, spurred on by his readings of casuists in the past, of Busembaum and Diana, of Liguori and Sanchez, who deal with sins against the sixth and ninth commandments.

As well as engendering a supra-human ideal in his soul, which it had permeated and which a heredity dating from the reign of Henry III had perhaps predisposed him to, religion had also stirred up the illegitimate ideal of sensual pleasure. Licentious and mystical obsessions mingled confusedly, haunting his brain, which was ruined by a stubborn desire to escape the vulgarities of the world and to plunge, far from the venerated customs of the past, into original ecstasies, in raptures that were either celestial or infernal and which were equally crushing in the loss of vital fluids they entailed.

There’s the sixth and ninth commandments again!

I’ll not go into detail on the works of Busembaum and Diana, of Liguori and Sanchez, the notes in the Dedalus edition give some details, however the reference to “vital fluids they entailed” is of interest for this post. The notes advise:

‘Phosphore’ in the original, semen being high in phosphorus, calcium and lecithin. It is still a commonplace among pseudo-scientists, especially those of an evangelical persuasion, that when semen is retained in the body as a result of sexual continence the phosphorus and lecithin it contains is reabsorbed by the brain, nourishing it and keeping it healthy.

These references sow the seeds for JK Huysmans’ later works, like ‘La Bas’ which deals with the occult, or the journey of the protagonist Durtal away from the dark mass to religious conversion. And his next novel ‘En Rade’ where the protagonist Jacques seeks solitude away from his creditors in a country bungalow, where three dream sequences recount Jacques erotic fantasies.

There are innumerable literary references in this novel, I will continue with specific examples in my next post, maybe quoting a poem or two that des Esseintes reads.

Republic of Consciousness Prize Longlist 2025

The Republic of Consciousness Prize was established by author Neil Griffiths with £2,000 of his own money to celebrate “small presses producing brilliant and brave literary fiction” in the UK and Ireland. Small presses being defined as having fewer than five full-time employees.

The first Prize was awarded in 2017 to John Keene’s ‘Counternarratives’ (Fitzcarraldo Editions) and subsequent winners have been Eley Williams’ ‘Attrib. and Other Stories’ (Influx Press) in 2018, Will Eaves for ‘Murmur’ (CB Editions) in 2019, Jean-Baptiste Del Amo took home the prize for ‘Animalia’ in 2020, translated by Frank Wynne (Fitzcarraldo Editions), 2021 Jacaranda Books took the main gong for ‘Lote’ by Shola von Reinhold, 2022 it was Norman Erikson Pasaribu’s ‘Happy Stories, Mostly’, translated by Tiffany Tsao (Tilted Axis Press) , 2023 ‘The Doloriad’ by Missouri Williams (Dead Ink Books) won the award and last year it was won by ‘Of Cattle and Men’ by Ana Paula Maia, translated by Zoë Perry & published by Charco Press.

Yesterday the longlist for the 2025 Prize was announced. Here are those books (listed in no particular order, as the Prize has chosen to do, with the blurbs directly from the publisher, with links to the publisher’s page for the longlisted book).

‘Daybook’ by Nathan Knapp (Splice)

How can a person speak when they lose faith in the authority of their voice? One night on the cusp of winter, a man sits alone, in silence, and begins to lay words on an empty page. He speaks of ancestry and stymied ambitions, of confusions and doubts, of what he despises and what he adores. He speaks of scripture and commandments, of conformity and evangelism; he speaks of the lust and the shame that have led him away from a doctrinaire upbringing, and of the love that has sheltered him in his spiritual exile. And yet, in order to speak of these things, he finds he must speak back to things he has already said: so he returns to his earlier words and casts doubt on their veracity, to elucidate the implications that were lost when he wrote them down.

‘Invisible Dogs’ by Charles Boyle (CB Editions)

‘Invisible Dogs’ is the travel diary of an English writer invited to a country in which there are no dogs – but he keeps seeing them, vanishing around corners. There are rumours of dogs gathering in the mountains, preparing for an assault on the city.

‘There’s A Monster Behind The Door’ by Gaëlle Bélem, translated by Karen Fleetwood & Laëtitia Saint-Loubert (Bullaun)

The name Dessaintes is one to reckon with. A bombastic, violent and increasingly dangerous clan, little do they know that their downfall is being chronicled by one of their own.

This is La Réunion in the 1980s: high unemployment and low expectations, the legacy of postcolonialism. One little girl makes a bid for escape from her sadistic parents’ reign of terror and turns to school for salvation.

Rich in the history of the island’s customs and superstitions, and driven by a wild, offbeat humour, this picaresque tale manages to satirize the very notion of freedom available in this French territory, and perhaps even the act of writing itself and where it might lead you.

‘Mother Naked’ by Glen James Brown (Peninsula Press)

The City of Durham, 1434. Out of a storm, an aging minstrel arrives at the cathedral to entertain the city’s most powerful men.

Mother Naked is his name, and the story he’s come to tell is the Legend of the Fell Wraith: the gruesome ‘walking ghost’ some say slaughtered the nearby village of Segerston forty years earlier.

But is this monster only a myth, born from the dim minds of toiling peasants? Or does the Wraith – and do the murders – have roots in real events suffered by those fated to a lifetime of labour? As Mother Naked weaves the strands of the mystery – of class, religion, art, and ale – it starts to seem as though the chilling truth might be closer to his privileged audience than they could ever imagine.

Taking its inspiration from a single payment entered into Durham’s Cathedral rolls, ‘Modyr Nakett’ was the lowest-paid performer in over 200 years of records. Set against the traumatic shadow of the Black Death and the Peasant’s Revolt, Mother Naked speaks back from the margins in a fury of imaginative recuperation.

‘Célina’ by Catherine Axelrad, translated by Philip Terry (Les Fugitives)

By the age of fifteen, Célina has lost her father to the sea, a brother to suicide, a sister to tuberculosis, her virginity to a wolfish man at the inn where she was waitressing, and the job at the inn when another servant informed on her. In the Channel Islands of the 1850s, Alderney is not yet the tourist paradise filled with luxury cars it is today. When the chance arises to leave and work in Hauteville House for the Victor Hugo household during their exile in Guernsey, it is Célina’s first glimpse of a different kind of life. Axelrad sheds a new light on the complexity of Hugo’s persona, and on the sexual and class dynamics at play in the proprietary, yet strangely tender relationship between the maid and le grand homme.

‘Somewhere Else’ by Jenni Daiches (Scotland Street Press)

Rosa Roshkin is five years old when her family are murdered in a pogrom and she is forced to leave behind everything she knows with only a suitcase of clothes and her father’s violin.

‘Somewhere Else’ is an epic generational novel about womanhood and Judaeo-Scottish experience across two World Wars, the creation of Israel and the fall of the Berlin Wall. A novel which explores today’s most difficult and urgent questions, not least of which: how to find identity in displacement.

‘Crooked Seeds’ by Karen Jennings (Holland House Books)

Deidre is a victim, of her family, her society, her history. That is how she sees herself, and so she feels free of all obligations, moral and practical. Until the police take her back to her family home…

In a Cape Town where water is rationed and has to be collected from trucks each day, with the consequences of apartheid and the ending of it still evident, Deidre lives from day to day in squalor – largely created by herself – borrowing, persuading, cadging her way from the water trucks to the bar, testing the tolerance and pity of everyone she knows. Then she is contacted by the police, and taken by a respectful constable to the house where she grew up and where she lost her leg in a shattering explosion while still young. Faced with what is found there, she has to accept the truth of her past, and of her older brother, her parents’ golden boy. Then she must confront herself and her responsibility, and what it truly is to be a victim.

‍’How to Leave the World’ by Marouane Bakhti, translated by Lara Vergnaud (Divided Publishing)

Everyone is asking about his identity. Gay? Muslim? French? Moroccan? Instead of choosing a side, he writes a book. A book about the forest and the city, Paris and Tangiers, shame and forgiveness, dating apps and spiritual discovery. A book about growing up as a diaspora kid in rural France, with desires that want to emerge at any cost. Told in mesmerising prose, ‘How to Leave the World’ is a beautiful non-answer.

‘The Seers’ by Sulaiman Adonia (Prototype)

‘The Seers’ follows the first weeks of a homeless Eritrean refugee in London. Set around a foster home in Kilburn and in the squares of Bloomsbury, where its protagonist Hannah sleeps, the novel grapples with how agency is given to the sexual lives of refugees, insisting that the erotic and intimate side of life is as much a part of someone’s story as ‘land and nations’ are.

Hannah arrives in London with her mother’s diary, containing a disturbing sexual story taking place in Keren, Eritrea, where the Allies defeated the Italians in the Second World War. In a gripping, continuous paragraph, ‘The Seers’ moves between the present day and the past to explore intergenerational histories and colonial trauma alongside the psychological and erotic lives of its characters as their identities are shaped, but refused to be suppressed, by the bureaucratic processes of the UK asylum system.

‘Good Lord’ by Ella Frears (Rough Trade)

Rough Trade Books website appears to be down at present (a blank page!) so here is the comments from the Republic of Consciousness Prize judges, “A taut, brilliantly sustained novel in fluent verse. A mordantly witty tirade against the dark forces of toxic masculinity and the Wild West that is today’s property rental market.”

Each long listed press receives a gift of ₤500, at the end of February a shortlist will be announced with each press receiving a further ₤1,000 to be split 70% press / 30% writer (and translator), the winner receives glory only (no further prizemoney) and will be announced on 1 April 2025.

The Prize is funded through subscriptions, and joining their “Book of the Month” club helps to fund future awards, you receive 12 titles per year and can join here.

‘The Warden’ by Anthony Trollope (Charles Dickens references)

My last instalment, looking at the literary references in JK Huysmans’ ‘Á Rebours’ (‘Against Nature’), covered a brief opinion on the novels of Charles Dickens. In 1855 (as Dickens was serialising ‘Little Dorrit’) Anthony Trollope’s first novel in the “Barchester Chronicles” series of six novels, ‘The Warden’ appeared. In this book a commentary is given on a certain Mr Popular Sentiment, a thinly veiled reference to Charles Dickens.

‘You see,’ said Towers, ‘that this affair has been much talked of, and the public are with you. I am sorry you should give the matter up. Have you seen the first number of The Almshouse?’
No; Bold had not seen
The Almshouse. He had seen the advertisements of Mr Popular Sentiment’s new novel of that name, but in no way connected it with Barchester Hospital, and had never thought a moment on the subject.

The notes to the Penguin Classics edition of ‘The Warden’ say that “the nearest parallel in Dickens’ work to ‘The Almshouse’ is ‘Bleak House’ (1852-3), which was published in monthly numbers and concerns the corruption of ancient institutions.”

Anthony Trollope, later in the same chapter, goes into a broad commentary of Dickens’ work, and although the references to ‘The Almshouse’ do not appear to parallel ‘Bleak House’ it is worth having a look at the whole section. ‘The Warden’ itself is basically a novel about Mr Harding who is the warden of a hospital (an establishment for old retired men, set up by a charitable will many years prior), he lives on ₤800 a year whilst the twelve men live on pittance, a local man, Mr Bold, legally challenges the intent of the original will as he feels the churchman is living comfortably whilst the recipients are not. “Shilling numbers” refers to the serialised novels that were released monthly, the final instalment being a double number and costing a shilling.

In former times great objects were attained by great work. When evils were to be reformed, reformers set about their heavy task with grave decorum and laborious argument. An age was occupied in proving a grievance, and philosophical researches were printed in folio pages, which it took a life to write, and an eternity to read. We get on now with a lighter step, and quicker: ridicule is found to be more convincing than argument, imaginary agonies touch more than true sorrows, and monthly novels convince, when learned quartos fail to do so. If the world is to be set right, the work will be done by shilling numbers.
Of all such reformers Mr Sentiment is the most powerful. It is incredible the number of evil practices he has put down: it is to be feared he will soon lack subjects, and that when he has made the working classes comfortable, and got bitter beer put into proper-sized pint bottles, there will be nothing further for him left to do. Mr Sentiment is certainly a very powerful man, and perhaps not the less so that his good poor people are so very good; his hard rich people so very hard; and the genuinely honest so very honest. Namby-pamby in these days is not thrown away if it be introduced in the proper quarters. Divine peeresses are no longer interesting, though possessed of every virtue; but a pattern peasant or an immaculate manufacturing hero may talk as much twaddle as one of Mrs Radcliffe’s heroines, and still be listened to. Perhaps, however, Mr Sentiment’s great attraction is in his second-rate characters. If his heroes and heroines walk upon stilts, as heroes and heroines, I fear, ever must, their attendant satellites are as natural as though one met them in the street: they walk and talk like men and women, and live among our friends a rattling, lively life; yes, live, and will live till the names of their callings shall be forgotten in their own, and Bucket and Mrs Gamp will be the only words left to us to signify a detective police officer or a monthly nurse.
The Almshouse opened with a scene in a clergyman’s house. Every luxury to be purchased by wealth was described as being there: all the appearances of household indulgence generally found among the most self-indulgent of the rich were crowded into this abode. Here the reader was introduced to the demon of the book, the Mephistopheles of the drama. What story was ever written without a demon? what novel, what history, what work of any sort, what world, would be perfect without existing principles both of good and evil? The demon of The Almshouse was the clerical owner of this comfortable abode. He was a man will stricken in years, but still strong to do evil: he was one who looked cruelly out of a hot, passionate, bloodshot eye; who had a huge red nose with a carbuncle, thick lips, and a great double, flabby chin, which swelled out into solid substance, like a turkey-cock’s comb, when sudden anger inspired him: he had a hot, furrowed low brow, for which a few grizzled hairs were not yet rubbed off by the friction of his handkerchief: he wore a loose unstarched white handkerchief, black loose ill-made clothes, and huge loose shoes, adapted to many corns and various bunions: his husky voice told tales of much daily port wine, and his language was not so decorous as became a clergyman. Such was the master of Mr Sentiment’s Almshouse. He was a widower, but at present accompanied by two daughters, and a thin somewhat insipid curate. One of the young ladies was devoted to her father and fashionable world, and she of course was the favourite; the other was equally addicted to Puseyism and the curate.
The second chapter of course introduced the reader to the more especial inmates of the hospital. Here were discovered eight old men; and it was given to be understood that four vacancies remained unfilled, through the perverse ill-nature of the clerical gentleman with the double chin. The state of these eight paupers was touchingly dreadful: sixpence-farthing a day had been sufficient for their diet when the almshouse was founded; and on sixpence-farthing a day were they still doomed to starve. Though food was four times as dear, and money four times as plentiful. It was shocking to find how the conversation of these eight starved old men in their dormitory shames that of the clergyman’s family in his rich drawing room. The absolute words they uttered were not perhaps spoken in the purest English, and it might be difficult to distinguish from their dialect to what part of the country they belonged: the beauty of the sentiment, however, amply atoned for the imperfection of the language; and it was really a pity that these eight old men could not be sent through the country as moral missionaries, instead being immured and stared in that wretched almshouse.
Bold finished the number; and as he threw it aside, he thought that that at least no direct appliance to Mr Harding, and that the absurdly strong colouring of the picture would disenable the work from doing either good or harm. He was wrong. The artist who paints for the million must use glaring colours, as no one knew better than Mr Sentiment when he described the inhabitants of his almshouse; and the radical reform which has now swept over such establishments has owed more to the twenty numbers of Mr Sentiment’s novel, that to all the true complaints which have escaped from the public for the last half-century.

After this short interlude away from JK Huysmans and the literary references contained in ‘Á Rebours’ (‘Against Nature’) I intend to return next week to look at more Latin references contained in Chapter Three, I might even get to a “work in praise of chastity”.

Dublin Literary Award Longlist 2025

Each year I like to post, at least, the longlist of the Dublin Literary Award. Yesterday the annual announcement came up with 71 titles for the 2025 Award.

Long term followers of this blog would know I have been an advocate and supporter of the Award over the years, this is an Award where the titles are drawn from member libraries all over the planet, with the longlist of 71 titles being filtered down to a shortlist of ten.

Although 71 books could appear daunting, have a look at the last twelve awards and the number of books on the longlist:

2013 – 145

2014 – 144

2015 – 133

2016 – 150

2017 – 138

2018 – 141

2019 – 141

2020 – 156

2021 – 49

2022 – 79

2023 – 70

2024 – 80

This year’s judges, Gerbrand Bakker, Martina Devlin, Fiona Sze-Lorrain, Leonard Cassuto, Nidhi Zak/Aria Eipe and non-voting chair Professor Chris Morash, have an easier time than the judges up until 2020!

The prize for the Award is €100,000 and is awarded to the author of the winning book, if the winning book is in English translation, €75,000 is awarded to the author and €25,000 to the translator.

The shortlist will be announced on 25 March with the winner coming on 22 May 2025.

2025 Longlist

(presented in the same order as the Official Prize website, (almost) alphabetical by title)

‘A Short Walk Through A Wide World’ by Douglas Westerbeke

‘At The Grand Glacier Hotel’ by Laurence Fearnley

‘Audition’ by Pip Adam

‘Behind You’ by Catherine Hernandez

‘Beyond the Door of No Return’ by David Diop (tr. by Sam Taylor)

‘Blackouts’ by Justin Torres

‘Caledonian Road’ by Andrew O’Hagan

‘Christ On A Bike’ by Orla Owen

‘City In Ruins’ by Don Winslow

‘Dark Ride’ by Lou Berney

‘Death of a Foreign Gentleman’ by Steven Carroll

‘Edenglassie’ by Melissa Lucashenko

‘Eliete – A Normal Life’ by Dulce Maria Cardoso (tr. by Ángel Gurría-Quintana)

‘Farewell to the Little Coffee Shop of Kabul’ by Deborah Rodriguez

‘Fire Exit’ by Morgan Talty

‘Fishing for the Little Pike/Summer Fishing in Lapland’ by Juhani Karila (tr. by Lola Rogers)

‘Hagstone’ by Sinéad Gleeson

‘Hangman’ by Maya Binyam

‘Headshot’ by Rita Bullwinkel

‘Here Lay Tirpitz’ by Ingrid Storholmen (tr. by Marietta Taralrud Maddrell)

‘Home’ by Andrea Tompa (tr. by Jozefina Komporaly)

‘If Only You Remember: A Novel’ by Norhafsah Hamid

‘In Elvis’s Room’ by Sebastian Pregelj (tr. by Rawley Grau)

‘James’ by Percival Everett

‘Kukum’ by Michael Jean (tr. by Susan Ouriou)

‘Lioness’ by Emily Perkins

‘Long Island’ by Colm Tóibín

‘Martyr!’ by Kaveh Akbar

‘My Heavenly Favourite’ by Lucas Rijneveld (tr. by Michelle Hutchison)

‘North Woods’ by Daniel Mason

‘Not A River’ by Selva Almada (tr. by Annie McDermott)

‘One Hour of Fervor’ by Muriel Barbery (tr. by Alison Anderson)

‘Out of Earth’ by Sheyla Smanioto (tr. By Laura Garmeson and Sophie Lewis)

‘Pale Shadows’ by Dominique Fortier (tr. By Rhonda Mullins)

‘Prophet Song’ by Paul Lynch

‘River East, River West’ by Aube Rey Lescure

‘Seaborne’ by Nuala O’Connor

‘Sons, Daughters’ by Ivana Bodrožić (tr. by Ellen Elias-Bursać)

‘Star 111’ by Lutz Seiler (tr. by Tess Lewis)

‘Still Alive’ by LJ Pemberton

‘Stone Yard Devotional’ by Charlotte Wood

‘Study for Obedience’ by Sarah Bernstein

‘Tali Girls: A Novel of Afghanistan’ by Siamak Herawi (tr. by Sara Khalili)

‘Terrace Story’ by Hilary Leichter

‘The Adversary’ by Michael Crummey

‘The City of the Living’ by Nicola Lagioia (tr. by Ann Goldstein)

‘The Details’ by Ia Genberg (tr. by Kira Josefsson)

‘The Enigmatic Madam Ingram’ by Meihan Boey

‘The Family Experiment’ by John Marrs

‘The Fox Wife’ by Yangsze Choo

‘The Frozen River’ by Ariel Lawhom

‘The Future’ by Catherine Leroux (tr. by Susan Ouriou)

‘The Girl With Seven Lives’ by Vikas Swarup

‘The Girl You Call’ by Tanguy Viel (tr. by William Rodarmor)

‘The Heaven & Earth Grocery Store’ by James McBride

‘The In-Between’ by Christos Tsiolkas

‘The Incredible Dreams of Garba Dakaskus’ by Umar Abubakar Sisi

‘The Lost Love of Akbar Manzil’ by Shubnum Khan

‘The Mark’ by Fríða Ísberg (tr. by Larissa Kyzer)

‘The Most Secret Memory of Men’ by Mohamed Mbougar Sarr (tr. by Lara Vergnaud)

‘The Road to the Country’ by Chigozie Obioma

‘The Triumph of the Lions’ by Stefania Auci (tr. by Katherine Gregor & Howard Curtis)

‘The Women’ by Kristin Hannah

‘Un Amor: A Novel’ by Sara Mesa (tr. by Katie Whittemore)

‘Vladivostok Circus’ by Elisa Shua Dusapin (tr. Aneesa Abbas Higgins)

‘Water’ by John Boyne

‘We Are Light’ by Gerda Blees (tr. by Michele Hutchinson)

‘Welcome to the Hyunam-dong Bookshop’ by Bo-reum Hwang (tr. by Shanna Tan)

‘Whale Fall’ by Elizabeth O’Connor

‘What Will Survive of Us’ by Howard Jacobson

‘Wild Houses’ by Colin Barrett

As I have manually typed up this list from an absurd pdf table and an HTML webpage I may have typos or may have missed a translator or miscredited one here or there. Please let me know if you spot any errors and I will correct them.

‘Against Nature’ – JK Huysmans (tr. Brendan King) – Literary references (Part Nine – Charles Dickens)

As alluded to in my last post I am going to take you on a diversion from Chapter Three of JK Huysmans’ ‘Á Rebours’ (‘Against Nature’), I do intend to return to des Essienties’ library in Chapter Three for my next look at the literary references contained in this extraordinary novel.

In Chapter Nine we find our protagonist suffering “persistent insomnia and feverish agitation”, he takes to his portfolio of prints, Goya and Rembrandt and we see Huysmans’ skill as an art critic, a job he performed alongside his civil-service employment, showing through. You will need to read the novel to see how Huysmans describes various artworks.

He closed his portfolios again and once more plunged, disorientated, into a fit of depression. In order to divert the course of his thoughts, he tried some soothing reading, experimented, with the aim of cooling his brain, with the narcotics of art, and read those books so enchanting to convalescents and the sick-at-heart, who would be fatigued by more stimulating or effervescent works, the novels of Dickens.

For a number of years, each December I read a Charles Dickens novel, maybe my brain needs cooling and I am fatigued by a year of stimulating reading, who knows, it is just a habit I have fallen into. In December 2024 I read Dickens’ ‘The Old Curiosity Shop’. I do not intend to go into plot details of innocent Little Nell, the evil Quilp, nor the admirable Kit, however let’s look at what I believe to be interesting narrative choices that Dickens made with this early novel.

Master Humphrey’s Clock was a weekly periodical edited and written entirely by Dickens and published from 4 April 1840 to 4 December 1841. Master Humphrey keeps old manuscripts in an antique longcase clock. One day, he decides that he would start a little club, called Master Humphrey’s Clock, where the members would read out their manuscripts to the others. ‘The Old Curiosity Shop’ appeared in the periodical as a serialised novel. It commences with Master Humphrey as the first-person narrator of the novel, but by Chapter Three Dickens has realised that Master Humprey cannot be the narrator any longer:

And now that I have carried this history so far in my own character and introduced these personages to the reader, I shall for the convenience of the narrative detach myself from its further course, and leave those who have prominent and necessary parts in it to speak and act for themselves.

The novel then switches to third-person omniscient narration.

As previously mentioned, the novel was originally serialised and there is a long chapter, followed by a shorter one which generally contains a “cliff-hanger” so the reader is obliged to buy the next edition to find out what transpires. There a long periods where one of the main characters simply disappears for 100 pages or so, and as per many “brain cooling” Dickens novels it is peppered with interesting characters, usually described in detail. There is no subtlety about introducing them:

As the course of this tale requires that we should become acquainted, somewhere hereabouts, with a few particulars connected with the domestic economy of Mr Sampson Brass, and as a more convenient place than the present is not likely to occur for that purpose, the historian takes the friendly reader by the hand, and springing him into the air, and cleaving the same at a greater rate than ever Don Cleophas Leandro Perez Zambullo and his familiar travelled through that pleasant region in company, alights with him upon the pavement of Bevis Marks.
The intrepid aeronauts alight before a small dark house, once the residence of Mr Sampson Brass.

A strange narrative choice to take the reader and fly to the next location! There is also the matter of characters just disappearing for pages at a time:

Kit – for it happens at this juncture, not only that we have breathing time to follow his fortunes, but that the necessities of these adventures so adapt themselves to our ease and inclination as to call upon us imperatively to pursue the track we most desire to take – Kit, while the matters treated of in the last fifteen chapters were in progress, was, as the reader may suppose, gradually familiarising himself more and more with Mr and Mrs Garland, Mr Abel, the pony, and Barbara, and gradually coming to consider them one and all as his particular private friends, and Abel Cottage, Finchley, as his own proper home.

Another strange choice, advising the reader what track the writer most desires to take!

Having read most of Dickens’ work I could see that ‘The Old Curiosity Shop’ was an earlier novel, the planning not complete when he started the massive diversions, the key characters not appearing whilst “the last fifteen chapters were in progress” etc. However it was another interesting December read, another Dickens ticked off the list.

Next week I may have a look at Anthony Trollope’s character Mr Popular Sentiment, in the novel ‘The Warden’ as it is a caricature of Dickens and then we can return to Chapter Three of JK Huysmans’ ‘Á Rebours’ (‘Against Nature’) and our protagonist’s library (again!)

‘Against Nature’ – JK Huysmans (tr. Brendan King) – Literary references (Part Eight – Walahfrid Strabo ‘Hortulus’)

Still continuing to work our way through Chapter Three of JK Huysmans’ ‘Á Rebours’ (‘Against Nature’) and in my last post I had reached the literature of the “seventh and eighth centuries”.

His interest diminished with the close of these two centuries; little pleased, on the whole, with the ponderous mass of Carlovingian Latinists, such as Alcuin and Einhard, he contented himself, as a specimen of the ninth century, with the chronicles of the anonymous Saint Gall, Freculphius and Regino, with the poem of the siege of Paris put together by Abbo the Crooked, with Horulus, the didactic poem by the Benedictine Walafrid Strabo, a chapter of which, consecrated to the glory of the gourd as a symbol of fruitfulness, cheered him up; …

The notes in the Dedalus edition of the novel say:

Saint Gall (c. 550- c. 646), one of the twelve disciples of Saint Columbanus who travelled to the continent. Walafrid Strabo wrote a life of him; Freculphus, bishop of Lisieux, who wrote a history of the world from creation down to his own time; Regino of Prum (d. 915), Benedictine abbot and chronicler, he wrote treatises on ecclesiastical discipline and on liturgical singing, and a history of the world from the beginning of Christianity to the year 906.

From the content of these referenced works there is a real link to JK Huysmans’ later novels, the cycle of Durtal, ‘La Bas’ (1891) which deals with Satanism, ‘En Route’ (1895) where Durtal is converted and goes to a Trappist monastery, ‘The Cathedral’ (1898) where Durtal moves to Chartres and details the cathedral there, and ‘The Oblate’ (1903) where Durtal becomes…an Oblate (links are to my reviews of these books from 2021). These novels were thinly veiled texts based on Huysmans’ own life journey. Obviously, he was reading Chistian texts before we wrote ‘Á Rebours’ (1884).

Abbo the Crooked, the notes say:

Otherwise known as Abbo Cernuus (Huysmans translated the Latin ‘Cernuus’ as ‘Le Courbé’ meaning bent of curved), a Benedictine monk of the Abbey of Saint-Bermain-des-Prés in Paris. He was an eyewitness of the siege of Paris by the Vikings in 885-6 and wrote a description of it in verse, ‘De bellis Parisiacae Urbis adversus Normannos’ (Of the Wars of the City of Paris against the Northmen).

Wikipedia explains the poem “The entire poem consists of 1,393 lines in three books: 660 lines in the first book, 618 in the second, and 115 in the third. Throughout the poem Abbo employs a dactylic hexameter, though with the occasional fault. This metre helps to underpin the epic nature of the poem, a conscious aim of Abbo. The purpose of the work was both scholarly and hortative, warning future generations of the Viking menace. Its polemic literary style (sometimes called the “hermeneutic style”) is typical of its period and place, though it is studded with “obscure Grecisms.” It has usually received negative criticism from historians, or even been viewed as a contemporary parody of the hermeneutic style.”

From what I can find there appears to be no English translation of the poem, a French translation was published last century.

Walafrid Strabo’s poem ‘Horulus’ is available online here, with an English translation by Raef Payne,  lets look at lines 99-151, the section referenced by Huysmans and titled “Gourd”

The gourd too aspires to grow high from a humble beginning.
Like shields are the leaves that cast those great shadows; like cables
The stems it puts out so thickly. You have seen how ivy twines
Its leaves round a lofty elm, from the earth’s bosom
Lapping its supple arms around the whole tree till it finds
A way to the very top, and hides all the wrinkled bark
With a mantle of green — You have seen how a vine, trained to a tree,
Scrambles over it, festooning the topmost branches
With clusters of grapes, and pulls  itself of its own accord
Up and up: the branches hang there for all to see,
Blushing in the place they have made their own; the green storeys
Sag with Bacchus, whose broad leaves part the lofty foliage —
Even so my gourd, rising on brittle stems,
Welcomes the props that are put there for it, hugging the alder
In the grip of its curly tentacles. It’s so determined
Not to be wrenched away by even the wildest storm
That it thrusts out a cable at every joint and, each
Extending two strands, seizes support on this side and that.
It reminds me too of girls spinning, when they draw
The soft heaps of wool to their spindles, and in great twists
Measure off the endless thread into trim balls– Just so
The wandering thongs of my gourd twist and cling; quick
To wrap their coils round the smooth sticks set as ladders for them
They learn to use borrowed strength and, with a swimmer’s thrust,
Climb the steep rooms of the covered cloister. Oh, who now
Can praise as he ought the fruits that hang from its branches
Everywhere? They are as perfectly formed from every angle
As a piece of wood that is turned and shaved on a lathe.
They hang on a slender stalk and swell from a long, thin neck
Into huge bodies, their great mass broadening at the flanks.
They are all belly, all paunch. Inside
That cavernous prison are nourished, each in its place, the many
Seeds that promise another harvest as good as this one.
At the approach of tardy autumn, while yet they are tender
And before the hidden moisture that is sealed inside them dries
To leave but the withered shells, we often see the fruit
Handed round among the good things of the dinner-table
And soaking up the rich fat in a piping dish;
For often these juicy slices, served as dessert,
Delight the palate. But if you let the gourd stay
Enjoying the summer sun on its parent tree and only
Set your blade to it late in the year, then after scooping
The flesh from its ponderous belly and shaving the sides
On a nimble lathe, you can put it to practical use as a vessel.
A pint this mighty paunch will sometimes hold, sometimes
Half a gallon or more; and if you seal your jar
With gummy pitch it will keep wine good for many a day.

Thanks to Martha Carlin, Department of History, University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee, and the following website for the link.

More next week (I may move to Chapter Nine for a one off reference, let’s see how I feel)!

‘Against Nature’ – JK Huysmans (tr. Brendan King) – Literary references (Part Seven – Boniface and Aldhelm)

I fear we will be stuck on Chapter Three of JK Huysmans’ ‘Á Rebours’ (‘Against Nature’) for sometime, our protagonist, des Esseintes, is working his way chronologically through his library. I have skipped a number of references, else we would be here forever. Today:

… and above all the enigmas composted in acrostic strophes by Saint Boniface, the solution of which could be found in the initial letters of the verses.

Here is a poem in the original Latin of course:

Moribus en geminae variis et iure sorores
Instamus domini cunctis in callibus una.
Sed soror in tenebras mortales mergeret atras,
Et poenas Herebi lustrent per devia Ditis,
Regmina si saecli tenuisset sola per orbem.
Illius adversas vires infrangere nitor,
Clamans atque “soror,” dicens, “carissima, parce.”
O genus est superum felix, me virgine nacta:
Regmine nempe meo perdono piacula terris.
Do vitae tempus, superis do lumen Olympi,
Ingenti mundi variis cum floribus arvo,
Aurea gens hominum scandat quod culmina caeli.

Ast tamen altithroni non sacris finibus absum,
Impetrans miseris veniam mortalibus aevi,
Tranando iugiter Christi per saecla ministro.

The first letters spelling out “Misericordia ait” (‘Mercy Says’).

Unfortunately when you look at the translation of the poem (at The Riddle Ages ) of course the acrostic message is lost.

Behold! Twin sisters with different customs and law,
we step together on every path of the Lord.
But my sister would plunge mortals into the terrible darkness,
and the punishments of Erebus would spread across the winding roads of Dis,
if she alone ruled the entire world.
I try to break her hostile powers,
saying and calling, “Dearest sister, have mercy!”
Oh, the earthly race is lucky that I—a virgin—have been born.
Indeed, I forgive sins on earth by my rule.
I give the time of life, and I give the light of highest Olympus
to the vast, many-flowered plains of the world,
so that the golden race of men might ascend the heights of heaven.

Nevertheless, I am not distant from the holy boundaries of the high-throned one,
obtaining mercy for the wretched mortals of the earth,
and constantly crossing the world as Christ’s servant.

But the strange works of Anglo-Saxon literature in Latin tempted him still more: there was a whole series of enigmatic verses by Aldhelm, Tatwine and Eusebius, those successors to Symphonius….

In the book ‘The Riddles of Aldhelm: text and verse translation’ by James Hall Pitman (Yale University Press 1925) the introduction states:

The father of the modern artistic riddle is Symphosius, a writer so shrouded in obscurity that it has even been contended that he never existed at all. The writer of the riddles, however, whether his name was Symphosius or not, lived probably during the third or fourth century a. d., and was presumably not a Christian, since there is no trace of Christianity in the hundred enigmas by which his name has been preserved. These little three-line poems in correct, though I should say rather prosaic, Latin hexameters are reechoed in most of the riddles of the Middle Ages. Tupper rightly says : “The enigmas of Symphosius have dominated all riddles, both artistic and popular, since his day”

Here is one example (taken from the James Hall Pitman text) of his riddles, in Latin and English translation

Terra

Altrix cunctorum, quos mundus gestat, in orbe
Nuncupor (et merito, quia numquam pignora tantum
Improba sic lacerant maternas dente papillas)
Prole vireas aestate, tabescens tempore brumae.

Earth

Men call me nurse of all that this world bears,
(And rightly am I named, for never child,
However evil, bites its mother’s breast,
And tears it so). In summer I am green
With offspring, but in winter sick and pale.

There is one available riddle of Tatwine’s on the web, again at The Riddle Ages. As the extensive notes to the Dedalus edition of Huysmans’ novel advise, Eusebius is a pseudonym for “Hwaetberht, the abbot of Monkwearmouth_Jarrow priory, for a collection of 60 riddles known as the ‘Enigmata Eusebii’, written to supplement those of Tatwine.” For more information I suggest Wikipedia, as delving into old Latin texts is giving me mixed information.

Until next time, where there’s more Latin poetry in store, I bid you a happy festive season.

NOTE: I have updated the headings for this series to include the writers referenced in the novel.